Eminent Educational Psychology
1. Democritus In the fifth century BC, Democritus, for example, wrote on the advantages conferred by schooling and the influence of the home on learning (Watson, 1961). (In the 5th century BC, for example, Democritus wrote about the benefit - the benefits of action by the school and home environment influences on the success of individual learning).
2. Plato & Aristotle A century later, Plato and Aristotle discussed the following topics educational psychology (Adler, 1952; Watson, 196 1): The Kinds of education Appropriate to different Kinds of people; the training of the body and the cultivation of psychomotor skills; the formation of good character; the possibilities and limits of moral education; the effects of music, poetry, and the other arts on the development of the individual; the role of the teacher; the relations the between teacher and student; the means and methods of teaching; the nature of learning; the order of learning; affect and learning; and learning apart from a teacher.
In the 4th century BC, Plato and Aristotle discussing about educational psychology topics: a. The types of education that is appropriate based on differences of learners; b. Physical exercises and the development of psychomotor skills; c. The forms of good character; d. The possibilities and limitations of moral education; e. The effects of music, poetry and other arts to individual development; f. The role of teachers; g. The relation between teachers and students; h. The tools and methods of teaching; i. The types of learning activities; j. Principles of learning; k. Affection and learning; l. Learning regardless of the teacher.
3. JOHAN Amos Comenius (1592-1671, An education expert from Cekho.) Children should not be regarded as miniature adults; Learning should be able to attract the attention of children, do dg use props so children can observe, experience, and investigate.
4. Jean Jaques Rousseau (1712-1778, a thinker of France). "Everything good when it comes from the hand of the Creator, all things deteriorate in the human hand. intervention parent / adult eye out. Child's development can cause problems if it is not done carefully. The educators should equip themselves with knowledge about the psyche of learners.
5. J.P. Pestalozzi (1746 - 1872, an educator from Switzerland) He attempted to improve education in the community with how to prioritize education for children. He suggested to education for children with mental development of children adjusted. He suggested that the learning process is based on experience, starting from the easiest upgrade to a more difficult, difficult, and so on.
6. Francis Galton (1909) Galton is known as an all-around great scientist, began the field of statistics, anthropology, ugenik, meteorology, psychometrics, until natural explorers. In 1909, he was awarded a knighthood for productive thought to have intelligence. His most popular is the concept of correlation and regression statistics. Birmingham-born scientist was the first to apply statistical methods to study the differences in human intelligence. He also developed the use of questionnaires and surveys to collect anthropometric study data. It is also known as a pioneer of psychometrics (the science of measuring mental ability) and differential psychology.
7. Granville STANLEY HALL Granville Stanley Hall is a pioneering American psychologist and educator. Adolescent Psychology father was born in Ashfield,. Hall graduated from Williams College in 1867. Inspired by Principles of Physiological Psychology, Wilhelm Wundt's, he received a doctorate in psychology under William James at Harvard University, after which he spent time at the Leipzig laboratory miik Wundt.
Hall is maturationist. Maturationists believe that behavior is highly influenced by genetics: the behavior of mature or grow, such as trees grow, because it is under genetic control. Philosophy Hall to educate children: Do not worry about the bad behavior of their children will grow it. Consistent with the theory maturationist.
8. WILLIAM JAMES
In the United States there is a form of empirical and experimental philosophy is best described as Pramatism. William James's famous works, published under the title Lectures on Pragmatism (Learn Pramatisma).
9. Alfred Binet (1857 - 1911) Alfred Binet is known as a psychologist and a lawyer (legal expert). The results of the greatest works of Alfred Binet in the field of psychology is what is now known as the Intelligence Quotient or IQ. As a member of the commission investigating the problems of education in France, Alfred Binet developed a test to measure mental age (the mental age or MA) that children will enter school. Mental age refers to the child's mental abilities tested at the time compared to other children at different ages. In other words, if a child can complete a test or to respond appropriately to questions that are intended for children aged 8 (eight) then he is said to have had a mental age of 8 (eight) years.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar